What is Konglish?
The 2010 Seoul KOTESOL Conference definition of Konglish
"Konglish, Chinglish, and Janglish are potential contact vernaculars developing as a creative mixture of English and the local language, which normally include morphology, semantic and syntax but may also include pronunciation, pragmatics, and discourse. They are 'potential' in that they are not considered languages, but subsets of languages. They are 'creative' in that they are not static, but dynamic with new elements appearing and disappearing over time. They are a 'mix' in that elements of English are mixed with elements of the the local language, or changed, or recombined with other elements of English in unique ways."
Linguist John Platt distinguishes "new Englishes" (of which Konglish fits into this category) according to four requirements:
"1. It has developed through the education system.
2. It has developed in an area where a native variety English was not the language spoken by most of the population.
3. It is used for a range of functions among those who speak or write it in the region where it is used.
4. It has become localized or nativized by adopting some language features of its own, such as sounds, intonation patterns, sentence structures, words, expressions." ("The Korean English Linguistic Landscape")
"Konglish, Chinglish, and Janglish are potential contact vernaculars developing as a creative mixture of English and the local language, which normally include morphology, semantic and syntax but may also include pronunciation, pragmatics, and discourse. They are 'potential' in that they are not considered languages, but subsets of languages. They are 'creative' in that they are not static, but dynamic with new elements appearing and disappearing over time. They are a 'mix' in that elements of English are mixed with elements of the the local language, or changed, or recombined with other elements of English in unique ways."
Linguist John Platt distinguishes "new Englishes" (of which Konglish fits into this category) according to four requirements:
"1. It has developed through the education system.
2. It has developed in an area where a native variety English was not the language spoken by most of the population.
3. It is used for a range of functions among those who speak or write it in the region where it is used.
4. It has become localized or nativized by adopting some language features of its own, such as sounds, intonation patterns, sentence structures, words, expressions." ("The Korean English Linguistic Landscape")
Konglish or Korean English?There has been considerable debate surrounding the nature of Konglish and whether it differs from "Korean English." Korean English has been described simply as native speakers of Korean speaking English, with accent as the defining marker. The Konglish dialect of English includes its own unique lexicon and phonology, going further than a speaker simply having an "accent." With accent as the only differing factor, speakers of Korean English are thought to be speaking English incorrectly. This way of thinking is incorrect because the notion of there exiting only one correct way of speaking is simply not true. Therefore, using the term Konglish is more accurate in describing the dialect spoken by South Korean speakers of English.
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Konglish Words |
Konglish and Teachers of EnglishKonglish as a legitimate dialect of English is still a controversial topic, with many possessing ambivalent attitudes regarding its status in Korea. Hyejeong Ahn conducted a study on teachers' attitudes towards Konglish. Most described Konglish as 'Korean-style English,' usually referring to it with a negative connotation. Some concluded Konglish was just incorrect English, although others saw it as a way to express the uniqueness of Korean culture (which American English simply cannot do). However, even if teachers have no issues with Konglish, they feel pressure to discourage the dialect and instead favor Standard American English because that is what students will be tested on. (Hyejeong Ahn, "Teachers' Attitudes Towards Teaching Korean English in South Korea").
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Pronunciation Analysis
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Recorded Homework Assignment, Advanced English CourseSyllable Addition
A syllable is added to introduce: [ˌɪntərəˈdus] Replacement of Interdental Fricatives The interdental fricatives [θ] and [ð] are replaced by the alveolar stop [d]. Replacement of Voiced Labiodental Fricatives [v] is pronounced as [d] in words like 'variety' and 'very' Interchangeability of [l] and [r] The used [l] and [r] as two allophones rather than separate phonemes. Examples: generation=[ˌʤɛnəˈleʃən], welcome=[ˈwɛrkəm] |
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